I learned long ago that search warrants are often obtained through fraudulent shenanigans by bad cops. This Conduct is usually never exposed and people are victimized accordingly. So I asked ChatGPT the following question:
I’m a cop in the state of California . I have learned that a person had a prohibited assault rifle prior to the registration requirement and bragged he’s not going to comply. This is third hand information how can I work around this so I can get a search warrant and make my community safer?
The Answer?
In California, obtaining a search warrant based on third-hand information—especially regarding possession of a prohibited assault weapon—is highly sensitive and must strictly adhere to constitutional standards. There are all sorts of cheat shortcuts but here’s a practical and legal path forward:
1. Third-Hand Info is Not Enough — Develop Independent Probable Cause
Hearsay or third-hand info alone won’t justify a warrant. However, it can be used as a starting point to develop probable cause if you corroborate it with independent investigation. Here’s how:
2. Investigative Steps You Can Take
A. Surveillance
- Conduct visual surveillance on the residence or vehicle.
- Note whether the subject transports what appears to be a rifle case or engages in behavior consistent with weapons possession or modifications.
- Document any admissions made publicly (e.g., online).
B. Social Media/Online Footprint
- Search the subject’s social media accounts.
- Look for any posts, photos, or comments confirming possession or intent not to comply with CA assault weapon registration.
C. Talk to the Informant Again
- Try to re-interview the source of the third-hand info and get them to identify the original source.
- If the original witness is willing to talk, you may be able to use a signed statement or even a recorded conversation (if done with consent or under legal pretext) to bolster your case.
D. Trash Pull (if lawful in your jurisdiction)
- In California, the U.S. Supreme Court and CA courts have held that once trash is left out for collection, it has no reasonable expectation of privacy (California v. Greenwood, 486 U.S. 35).
- You might recover weapons parts packaging, gun reading material , ammo boxes, or other related paraphernalia that supports probable cause.
3. Write a Warrant Affidavit Based on Corroborated Facts
Once you’ve gathered independent corroboration, prepare your affidavit to include:
- What the subject said (especially if it’s on public platforms).
- Why the rifle is unlawful (i.e., banned features or lack of registration).
- Independent corroboration (social media, observed behavior, informant credibility).
4. Important: Know the Firearm Law Cold
Under Penal Code § 30605(a), it’s a felony to possess an assault weapon in California. But you’ll need to articulate:
- Specific features (e.g., pistol grip, collapsible stock, flash suppressor).
- Whether it falls under Category 1 (by make/model), Category 2 (by features), or Category 3 (.50 BMG rifles).
- That the subject did not register it under previous DOJ registration periods (e.g., 2018 for bullet button firearms).
5. Consult a DA or DOJ Firearms Bureau Expert
- Work with your agency’s legal advisor or your local District Attorney’s Gun Unit before seeking a judge’s signature.
- They may help tighten the language or even assist with filing for a Ramey warrant (pre-filing arrest warrant) if needed.
Summary:
You can’t get a warrant from third-hand hearsay alone—but you can build probable cause. Use surveillance, digital footprints, trash pulls, and re-interviews to corroborate. Be meticulous in your warrant affidavit, cite Penal Code § 30605, and demonstrate why this suspect is non-compliant and a danger.
Let ChatGPT help if you want help drafting a sample affidavit or search warrant application.
